Myocardial infarction is defined pathologically as myocardial cell death due to prolonged ischemia. The diagnosis is established when there is a dynamic increase in the cardiac enzyme troponin, typical clinical findings, suggestive electrocardiographic changes, supporting evidence such as imaging proof of new myocardial loss and abnormal regional wall motion. Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), on the other hand, is a condition characterized by clinical evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) with angiographically normal or minimally obstructive (<50% stenosis) coronary arteries. MINOCA accounts for 10% of acute coronary syndromes. In contrast to MI with obstructive coronary artery disease, MINOCA is more prevalent in females than in males.
• With or without acute elevations in cardiac troponin (cTn)
• With or without changes on electrocardiogram (ECG)