Cesarean section or C-section is a common obstetric procedure, with approximately 32.1% of deliveries in the US performed this way. The procedure leaves a scar on the lower abdomen, and understanding proper care and management is crucial for optimal healing and patient satisfaction.

There are two main incision types for C-sections:

Pfannenstiel (transverse): This low horizontal incision is located just above the pubic symphysis and offers better cosmetic outcomes due to its placement. It’s generally associated with less pain and faster healing compared to vertical incisions.

Vertical: This incision, less commonly used, extends vertically from the umbilicus (belly button) towards the symphysis pubis. It may be necessary in emergency situations for quicker access to the baby. However, it can cause more pain and have a longer healing time.

Initially, the scar will likely be red and raised. Over time, it should flatten and become less noticeable. Here are key points for management:

Wound Care (gentle cleansing and keeping the incision dry are essential to prevent infection), pain management (prescribed medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help manage discomfort), suture/staple removal (non-dissolvable sutures or staples are typically removed by a healthcare provider after 3–7 days), scar management (silicone gel sheeting or creams can be used to minimize scar formation and improve the appearance of existing scars. Corticosteroid injections may also be considered for hypertrophic scars (see below).

Potential complications include:

Infection (signs include redness, purulent discharge, fever, and worsening pain around the incision), nerve damage (temporary numbness around the incision site is common, but persistent numbness or shooting pains might indicate nerve injury and require evaluation), hypertrophic scars (these are raised, thickened scars that may cause discomfort but are typically benign. Medical laser treatment and scar revision could be performed to improve the appearance of the scar).

C-section scars are a common outcome of this surgical delivery method. By understanding proper management strategies and offering guidance on scar care, healthcare professionals can help optimize patients’ scar healing and satisfaction.